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Adaptive Quantum Circuits

AQC26 Recorded Talks

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Dr. Anil Murani

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Dr. Anil Murani

Enhancing dissipative cat qubit protection by squeezing

Abstract

Dissipative cat qubits are a promising architecture for quantum processors due to their built-in quantum error correction. By leveraging two-photon stabilization, they achieve an exponentially suppressed bit-flip error rate as the distance in phase space between their basis states increases, incurring only a linear increase in phase-flip rate. This property substantially reduces the number of qubits required for fault-tolerant quantum computation. Here, we implement a squeezing deformation of the cat qubit basis states, further extending the bit-flip time while minimally affecting the phase-flip rate. We demonstrate a steep reduction in the bit-flip error rate with increasing mean photon number, characterized by a scaling exponent γ = 4.3, rising by a factor of 74 per added photon. Specifically, we measure bit-flip times of 22 seconds for a phase-flip time of 1.3 µs in a squeezed cat qubit with an average photon number n̄ = 4.1, a 160-fold improvement in bit-flip time compared to a standard cat. Moreover, we demonstrate a two-fold reduction in Z-gate infidelity, with an estimated phase-flip probability of ε_X = 0.085 and a bit-flip probability of ε_Z = 2.65 × 10⁻⁹, which confirms the bias-preserving property of the gate. This simple yet effective technique enhances cat qubit performance without requiring design modification, moving multi-cat architectures closer to fault-tolerant quantum computation.

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